Quinine: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action - DrugBank by-The Medicine Library

QUININE:

Taruf:

"Quinine aik alcohol hai jo cinchona ke darakht ki chaal se makhzuq hota hai, jo janoobi America ka hai." Yeh malaria ke ilaj ke liye qadeem zamane se istemal hota raha hai, jo aik shadeed aur baaz auqat mehlik bemari hai jo aik protozoan parjuvi ki waja se hoti hai. Jadeed tibb mein, Quinine bunyadi tor par malaria ke dusre ilaj ke tor par aur raat ki tangon ke dard jaise haalaat ke liye pathon ko aaraam dene ke tor par istemal kya jata hai.

Quinine ke amal ka tareeqa:

Quinine malaria parjuvion ki haemoglobin ko toornay ki salahiyat mein mudakhlat karke kaam karta hai, yeh aik protein hai jo khoon ke surkh khalyon mein paya jata hai. Khaas tor par, yeh heme polymerase naam ki aik enzyme ki sar garmi ko rokta hai, jo ke parjuvi ke liye zaroori hai ke heme, haemoglobin ki kharabi ki aik zehreeli zimni pedaavari ko ghair zehreeli shakl mein tabdeel kare. Nateeje ke tor par, parjuvi apne khalayat se heme ko khatam karne se qasir hai, jo zehreeli maddon ke jama hone ka baais banta hai aur aakhir kar parjuvi ki maut ka sabab banta hai.

Dawasi:

Quinine zubani tor par di jati hai aur maida ki naali se tezi se jazb hoti hai. Aala plasma hifazati intizamiya ke 1-3 ghante ke andar pohanch jati hai. Quinine jigar mein baray paimane par metabolize hota hai aur peshab mein kharij hota hai. Quin ki nisf zindagi taqriban 10-12 ghante hai, aur yeh dawa aam tor par din mein do baar li jati hai.

Spectrum:

Quinine bunyadi tor par malaria parjiyon ki plasmamodiam falsiparum parjatiyon ke khilaf mawafiq hai, jo bimari ki sab se shadeed aur mahluk shakal ke liye zimedar hai. Yeh plasmamodiam ki degar anwaa ke khilaf bhi mawafiq hai, bishmol P. vivax, P. malariae, aur P. ovale, halankeh yeh anwaa aam tor par kam aam aur kam shadeed hoti hain.

Tibi istemaal:

Quinine bunyadi tor par malaria ke liye dusri line ke ilaj ke tor par istemal hoti hai, yaani yeh un soraton ke liye khas hai jin mein pehli satr ki dawayein, jaise Artemisinin par mabni imtizaaj ilaaj, moaser nahi hain. Is ki malaria mukhalif khusoosiyat ke alawa, quinine ko raat ke waqt tangon ke dard jaise haalaat ke liye pathon ko aaram deh ke tor par bhi istemal kia jata hai, jis ki khasosiyat raat ke waqt tangon mein pathon ke dardnaak dard se hoti hai.

Bura asarath:

Coinineen mukhtalif negative asraat ka sabab ban sakta hai, bishmilah:

Maday ki alamat jaise matli, ultee aur ishaal Tinnitus (kaanon mein ghanti bajna) aur dusre sunne se mutasir honay wale masail Nazar mein kharabi, bishmilah dhundla howa wazan aur rang ke adraak mein tabdeeli Cardiac arrhythmia aur dusre qalbi asraat, jo ghair mamooli suratain mein mohlik ho saktay hain. Hypoglycemia (kam blood sugar), khas tor par glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase ki kami wale mareezon mein Hemolytic anemia (khoon ke surkh khalyon ki tabahi), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase ki kami wale mareezon mein bhi

Tazaad:

Coinineen ya dusre quinoline muzayyakat ke liye intehai hissiyat ki tareekh wale mareezon mein coinineen muzadd hai. Isko cardiac arrhythmia ki tareekh wale mareezon ke sath sath glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase ki kami wale mareezon mein bhi ehtiyat ke sath istemaal kiya jana chahiye, kyunke in mareezon ko hemolytic anemia aur dusre negative asraat ka khatra barh jata hai.

Mansheyath k sathta’alluq:

Quinine dusre dawaiyon ke saath ek had tak ta'alluq kar sakta hai, jaise:

Warfarin aur dusre anti-coagulant, jo khoon behne ka khatra barha sakte hain. CYP3A4 inhibitors, jo quinine ke plasma mein irtikaz ko barha sakte hain aur manfi asraat ke khatre ko barha sakte hain. CYP3A4 inducers, jo quinine ke plasma ki hirasati ko kam kar sakte hain aur is ke metabolism par asar andaz hote hain.