Tenofovir Uses, Side Effects & mechanism of action....by-The Medicine Library

Tenofovir:

Tarruf:

Tenofovir ek nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) hai jo insanee immune virus (HIV) infection aur permanent hepatitis B (HBV) infection ke ilaaj ke liye istemaal hota hai. Isko FDA ne 2001 mein manzoor kiya tha aur yeh mukhtalif formulations mein dastiyab hai jaise tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) aur tenofovir alafenamide (TAF).

Yeh maudhun amal ke tareeqay kaar, dawasazi, spectrum, tibbi istemaal, manfi asrat, tazadud, aur tenofovir ke manshiyat ke talluqat par behes karta hai.

Amal ke tareeqay kaar:

 Tenofovir reverse transcriptase ki sargarmi ko rok kar kaam karta hai, HIV aur HBV ki naqal ke liye zaroori ek enzyme. Yeh ek prodarg hai jo tenofovir di phosphate mein metabolize hota hai, jo adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) ka ek analogue hai. Tenofovir diphosphate barhti hui DNA chain mein shamil honay ke liye ATP ke sath muqabla karta hai, jo zanjeer ko khatam karne aur viral naqal ki rok thaam ka baais banta hai.

Dawasazi:

 Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ek aisi dawa hai jo khoon ke dhaare mein tezi se tenofovir mein tabdeel ho jati hai. Tenofovir ki zabanee hayatiyat taaqriban 25% hai aur ise bunyadi tor par gardon ke zariye kharij kia jata hai. Tenofovir ki nisf zindagi taaqriban 17 ghante hai, aur ise khanay ke sath ya is ke baghair lia jaa sakta hai. Tenofovir alafenamide tenofovir ki ek aur tashkeel hai jismein TDF ke muqabley behtar geo dastiyabi aur nazami nemaish kam hai. Yeh bunyadi tor par jigar ke zariye kharij hota hai aur is ki nisf zindagi taaqriban 25 ghante hoti hai.

Spectrum:

Tenofovir HIV-1 aur HIV-2 ke khilaf sargarm hai, HIV ki do qismain jo AIDS ka sabab banti hain. Yeh bhi faa'el hai. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) ke khilaf.

 Tibbi istemaal:

Tenofovir balogon aur bachon ke mareezon mein HIV-1 infection ke ilaj ke liye digar anti-retroviral agents ke saath mil kar istemaal kya jata hai. Yeh balogon mein daimi hepatitis B infection ke ilaj ke liye bhi istemaal hota hai.

 Bure asraat:

 Tenofovir ke sab se aam manfi asraat maaday ki alamat hain jaise matli, ultee aur ishaal. Digar aam manfi asraat mein sar dard, thakaawat, aur dardora shamil hain. Tenofovir gardan ki zahreela aur haddiyon ki kathawat mein kami ka sabab bhi ban sakta hai, khaas tor par taweel muddati istemaal ke saath. Tenofovir lene wale mareezon ko gardan ki kharabi ki alamat ke liye monitor kya jana chahiye, bashamool serum creatinine, peshab mein protein, aur glomerular filtration ki sharah mein tabdeeli. Haddiyon ki kathawat ki nigraani aise mareezon mein bhi ki jani chahiye jo osteoporosis ke khatre mein hon. 

Tazadudat:

 Tenofovir un mareezon mein contraindicated hai jin ki tareekh tenofovir ya is ke kisi bhi ajza ke liye intehai hassasiat ki hai. Isay gardan ki kharabi wale mareezon mein bhi ehtiyaat ke saath istemaal kya jana chahiye, kiyon ke yeh gardan ko mazeed nuqsaan pahuncha sakta hai.

Manshiyat ka ta'alluq: 

Tenofovir dosri dawaiyon ke saath ta'alluq kar sakta hai jo ek hi enzymes ke zariye metabolize hote hain, jaise ke protease inhibitors aur non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Tenofovir kuch dawaiyon ki tasir ko bhi kam kar sakta hai, jaise ke tap daq ke khilaf dawa rifampin. Tenofovir lene walay mareezon ko chahiye ke woh apne health care provider ko in tamam dawaiyon ke bare mein mutala karein jo woh le rahe hain.

Nateeja:

 Tenofovir ek ahem anti-retroviral agent hai jo HIV-1 infection aur permanent hepatitis B infection ke ilaj mein istemaal hota hai. Yeh reverse transcriptase ki sargarmi ko rok kar kaam karta hai, ek enzyme jo HIV aur HBV ki transfer ke liye zaroori hai. Tenofovir ki zubani hayatiyat dastiabai achi hai aur buniyadi tor par gurdon ya jigar ke zariye isay kharij kya jata hai. Tenofovir ke sab se zyada aam manfi asraat maida ki alamat, gurdon ki zahreela, aur haddiyon ki kathawat mein kami hain. Tenofovir contraindicated hai.